Another setting that surprised me with being turned on by default apparently on macOS 15 is System Settings - Spotlight - "Help Apple Improve Search":
"Help improve Search by allowing Apple to store your Safari, Siri, Spotlight, Lookup, and #images search queries. The information collected is stored in a way that does not identify you and is used to improve search results."
You just have to allow more than 75% memory to be allocated to the GPU by running sudo sysctl -w iogpu.wired_limit_mb=30720 (for a 30 GB limit in this case).
I remember this indeed being a thing in the news at the start of the Snowden leaks press coverage. Journos saw Google etc. logos in the NSA slides and thought they were on board rather than being tapped.
No need for an app even, I read that (some?) german emergency call centers use a service that will send the caller a text with a link to a website that will then use the browser's geolocation API.
Sorry, I was wrong about the courts, but at first it is not even handled by a court or prosecutor at all, only by the administration. If the potential fine is not accepted it then indeed goes to criminal court.
This is at least wrong in Germany, they are handled by different courts, will not show up on criminal record etc., it's more like a civil case, but with the government. Though of course you could park your car so horribly that it might get to be one, there's criminal neglect.
Not all home routers are allowing this by default. I don't have any hard numbers to offer, but my feeling is that only very old and today's very crappy ones do.
I'm pretty certain they could sue for damages in that case, though I have never heard of this happening. I have heard of people playing the "I'm ill-card" in such cases, though.
(1) I have never heard of this behavior, correctable errors will be reported via MCA on Intel and uncorrectable ones will reset the system (and probably be logged in some firmware log).
(2) So as far is I know, the normal consequence of a detected multi bit error will be a system reset.