Well since I don't work for Instagram, I wouldn't be able to answer your question with 100% certainty. I would say...unfortunately you'd have to start fresh.
I'd recommend you create a new account. Search for your old name, if if you left it Public instead of a Private account. I would assume you'd pop up. If your old account, doesn't come up in the search engine results...then yes, consider all your images gone.
It was just Instagram, apparently a lot of users were put "inactive" and it wasn't just windows phone users. Daniel Gary, the creator of the "Instance" app for Windows phone, even posted that OTHER people besides WP users were getting the same problem. And it was trending on Twitter for quite some time. You broke no rule... random accounts were being dealt the same situation. There is only one solution that's been found thus far...create a new account. Sorry to be the bearer of bad news.
I'd recommend you create a new account. Search for your old name, if if you left it Public instead of a Private account. I would assume you'd pop up. If your old account, doesn't come up in the search engine results...then yes, consider all your images gone.