There is no such effect. As for a basic economic lesson on thinking about this policy: For all the major events that are sold out, many consumers pay more then the face value of the ticket (and sometime much much more). All this "surplus" over face value is money that is divided up between the venue, the artist and ticketmaster. Now this money stays with the consumer. For those shows that are not sold out, you can resell on the secondary marketplace for up to the face value. It removes the incentives for scalpers, and for ticketmaster to manipulate the market.
I had worked with PE firms for over 6 years from the other side where we would invest in PE funds operating primarily in emerging markets, about 50 or so during my time and reviewed another 50 more that we did not invest in. Most of them are pretty benign. We invested primarily in transportation, energy and infrastructure but also hospitality and industry. There are many many poorly run private companies out there that PE funds buy out and rehabilitate. One major segment for a couple of funds is the purchase of poorly run family businesses where the founder was successful because they had drive and energy and built something at the right time (or sometimes, they knew the right people) but lacked the interest or vision to take it to the next level. Or the founder is getting old and the family has managed to turn the once successful business into a money loser. This is a long about way of saying, the majority of PE firms are benign and have invested in many successful businesses that many of us use. There are bad actors and more so in the US where corporations are allowed to eat the weak. It is not a case of PE bad but much more so that US business laws have relatively weak protections for consumers.
Not necessarily. In my experience, getting the right person to prepare a company for an IPO or a sale is hard. Most buyers will do due diligence and besides 'slashing costs' and 'growing the company', there is a skill set for getting governance and compliance practices in place and as well as leading the roadshow for the sale which has some similarities to raising private capital. For instance, if you don't already have explicit policies for workplace safety and environmental practices (e.g. what do you recycle, water usage, etc), you will usually need to put these in place. (We invested in manufacturing and these were extremely important to us). If you are located in multiple jurisdictions, you need to be ready to demonstrate that you are in compliance with local regulations and pass the equivalent of "integration tests", prove you are in compliance across multiple jurisdictions where their rules may differ or seem to conflict. The CEO knows what needs to get done and has the rolodex to get the people to help the company get these things done for a sale because he has done this several times before and understands the things that can go wrong.
The problem with all these 'right to repair' advocates is that they assume that it is zero costs and that the manufacturers will eat that cost. No it will have a cost. And that is likely to disproportionally impact the cheapest phones and the poorest households.
Another cautionary tale that too many of us ignore with our virtue signaling: "I support X because it sounds good for cause Y". Unfortunately, we often don't consider system or policy resilience - how will it hold up if people intentionally abuse its rules. Sometimes it doesn't help cause Y and has other negative effects.
Ahhh. Good old Fourier analysis on the change in model parameters: "low-pass filters that screen out background noise, high-pass filters that help analyze background signals, and Gabor filters that are often used in image processing. The Fourier analysis of the kernels revealed the neural network’s parameters were behaving like a combination of low-pass, high-pass, and Gabor filters."
Yes, but the other 85% of the sectors would likely benefit a reduction in costs (i.e. insurance premiums for their employees) that would positively affect their bottom line.