There has been some promising prior research such as BreakApp attempting to mitigate unusual supply-chain compromises such as denial-of-service attacks targeting the CPU via pathological regexps or other logic-bomb-flavored payloads.
There's a great paper implementing this idea in the node.js ecosystem; [BreakApp: Automated, Flexible Application Compartmentalization](https://ic.ese.upenn.edu/pdf/breakapp_ndss2018.pdf) which modifies the `require` signature to allow specifying a security scope in which the module can be run.
It doesn't quite work at the capabilities level, but it does provide some novel protections against unusual supply-chain attacks such as denial-of-service attacks which may otherwise require no special capabilities.
One of the reasons I added this support was so we could use the parser on our client-side handlebars templates to identify glyph usages and build the smallest possible custom fonts.
There has been some promising prior research such as BreakApp attempting to mitigate unusual supply-chain compromises such as denial-of-service attacks targeting the CPU via pathological regexps or other logic-bomb-flavored payloads.