They’re API used to work via just providing a VIN however that also allowed remote control so you could just run through all the VINs Nissan uses and turn on remote heating, etc.
This was reported in the media which caused Nissan to start locking down their API something fierce.
Then the three years free of many services have started to expire for most vehicles, so locking it down more became a potentially profitable exercise so now they actual have development work against it.
They generally pre-auth for either £20 or £40 and then update the amount post-transaction.
In terms of PIN check, the card is just declined with an appropriate error message because you can’t insert it and the next time you use a contactless machine it asks for the card to be inserted and a PIN entered.
For petrol (gas) pumps in the UK it generally auths either £1 or £99.
It’s as much as the sign up tbh where it automatically adds Prime to your basket and makes it hard to realise your signing up to a reoccurring payment.
Honestly I think by that point owning one won’t even be a thing. You’ll rent it from the manufacturer on demand or via a subscription with your subset of features enabled just for your trip.
They won’t park, they’ll just move from one job to the next (like taxis and ubers).
Interesting video on how increased automation doesn’t seem to be making employment better. Some of the takes are a bit extremely one sided, but it the general research poses some interesting points.
I assume it’s more people who’ve bought a house, sell it to downsize once the kids have moved out and use the excess towards their retirement (to make up the difference between the low amount they’ve been able to scrape together over the years)
I think that’s the way at most companies unfortunately. Maintenance is a cost centre while a new product is a potential revenue stream (until it too becomes a cost centre).