Ask HN, Could online textbooks "reasonably" replace print books in high school?
11 comments
I believe we need to reinvent schools, that students need to be able to self-teach using online dynamic material (as opposed to static textbooks). Teachers would design courses from mashups and assist students individually in their progress. Students would also have group assignments, team activities, etc...
A few links that should help you in your quest: http://textbase.com/Overview.html http://www.smarthistory.org/pop-art.html http://www.chem.arizona.edu/~salzmanr/480a/480ants/physchem.... http://www.usatoday.com/news/education/2008-07-09-open-textb... http://www.math.gatech.edu/~cain/textbooks/onlinebooks.html http://www.opentextbook.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_textbooks http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Main_Page
A few links that should help you in your quest: http://textbase.com/Overview.html http://www.smarthistory.org/pop-art.html http://www.chem.arizona.edu/~salzmanr/480a/480ants/physchem.... http://www.usatoday.com/news/education/2008-07-09-open-textb... http://www.math.gatech.edu/~cain/textbooks/onlinebooks.html http://www.opentextbook.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_textbooks http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Main_Page
Thank you. That is some good material.
I did some advocacy in a project that was supported under my last startup, http://www.opentextbook.org/
A huge amount of the cost is in publisher fees rather than material cost. And the quality is appalling at times - check out Richard Feynman's writings about just how bad it can get (panels of textbook reviewers recommending books that were blank other than a book cover). The quality of online sources is great, but physical books are going to be necessary for a long time.
To that end, check out connexions (here's a video detailing what it's about: http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/richard_baraniuk_on_open_...) for very high quality stuff. There are certainly some areas which don't need expensive copyrighted textbooks.
Please keep us up to date on your findings, this is a topic dear to a lot of the hn crowd.
A huge amount of the cost is in publisher fees rather than material cost. And the quality is appalling at times - check out Richard Feynman's writings about just how bad it can get (panels of textbook reviewers recommending books that were blank other than a book cover). The quality of online sources is great, but physical books are going to be necessary for a long time.
To that end, check out connexions (here's a video detailing what it's about: http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/richard_baraniuk_on_open_...) for very high quality stuff. There are certainly some areas which don't need expensive copyrighted textbooks.
Please keep us up to date on your findings, this is a topic dear to a lot of the hn crowd.
What is the status of OpenTextBook? It looks to be fading out - latest post is 6 months old.
I'm working through my high school chemistry, physics, and biology textbooks in a self-directed manner, as I hope to challenge my provincial exams without taking the associated courses.
Working from PDF copies of my textbooks has proven surprisingly comfortable, and has offered benefits over their dead-tree brethren. Though my first read of the material is usually in the paper version of the book (if only so that I may escape my computer chair), my second note-taking pass is always from the digital copy, for I've found taking notes easier when the material is on-screen and adjacent to my text editor. Taking screenshots of illuminating diagrams and inserting them into my notes is much faster than re-sketching the diagrams by hand. The ability to search the book's text rather than thumbing through an index is appreciated. The PDF version of my physics textbook is made available on its associated Web site ( http://physicssource.ca/ ) -- the electronic copy provided there is the latest printing, which resolves numerous ambiguities and errors present in my paper copy's earlier printing.
The only downside I've encountered is the manner in which an electronic textbook tethers me to my computer. In your daughter's school's case, I doubt that this would prove a handicap to most students, so long as they were given access to their textbooks outside of school. Ideally, the textbook should be provided in an open format such as PDF or HTML -- not one of the proprietary, DRM-encumbered formats favoured by some publishers.
Working from PDF copies of my textbooks has proven surprisingly comfortable, and has offered benefits over their dead-tree brethren. Though my first read of the material is usually in the paper version of the book (if only so that I may escape my computer chair), my second note-taking pass is always from the digital copy, for I've found taking notes easier when the material is on-screen and adjacent to my text editor. Taking screenshots of illuminating diagrams and inserting them into my notes is much faster than re-sketching the diagrams by hand. The ability to search the book's text rather than thumbing through an index is appreciated. The PDF version of my physics textbook is made available on its associated Web site ( http://physicssource.ca/ ) -- the electronic copy provided there is the latest printing, which resolves numerous ambiguities and errors present in my paper copy's earlier printing.
The only downside I've encountered is the manner in which an electronic textbook tethers me to my computer. In your daughter's school's case, I doubt that this would prove a handicap to most students, so long as they were given access to their textbooks outside of school. Ideally, the textbook should be provided in an open format such as PDF or HTML -- not one of the proprietary, DRM-encumbered formats favoured by some publishers.
For English classes, you can get most of the classics from:
http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page
Also, perhaps you can find some ideas from home school curriculums:
http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Education/K_through_12/Home_Sc...
http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page
Also, perhaps you can find some ideas from home school curriculums:
http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Education/K_through_12/Home_Sc...
Just FYI: there is non profit organization that try to adopt open source model for development and creation of online textbook for K-12 curriculum, you can read more at:
http://www.ck12.org/aboutus.html
You need to examine your school and students before you start making real plans. Online or e-books are great, but if you're looking at $20 per student for the line item you mentioned. You may need to spend a lot more on infrastructure to make online books work.
How many families have computers at home? What kind of computers? How about internet access. Do they have enough computer resources so each child has a computer for textbooks access a large part of the evening? What kind of support would the school be willing to provide, say if someone had a computer failure at home, or difficulty using the specific book? Pay close attention to any disadvantaged families, children in foster care or living in shelters, etc. How would you make this work for them?
How are the existing textbooks used? Do students read them or do homework on long bus rides to and from school? Do they attend homework or tutoring programs at different sites? Do students do homework at school during breaks? Are there enough computers available for "peak demand?"
How about in-classroom access, discussing literature in English class, or looking up material during labs? How many computers do you need in each classroom for this sort of use? Would a small number of in-class paper books be enough?
I love e-books, but I also worry about the unintended consequences for some students.
How many families have computers at home? What kind of computers? How about internet access. Do they have enough computer resources so each child has a computer for textbooks access a large part of the evening? What kind of support would the school be willing to provide, say if someone had a computer failure at home, or difficulty using the specific book? Pay close attention to any disadvantaged families, children in foster care or living in shelters, etc. How would you make this work for them?
How are the existing textbooks used? Do students read them or do homework on long bus rides to and from school? Do they attend homework or tutoring programs at different sites? Do students do homework at school during breaks? Are there enough computers available for "peak demand?"
How about in-classroom access, discussing literature in English class, or looking up material during labs? How many computers do you need in each classroom for this sort of use? Would a small number of in-class paper books be enough?
I love e-books, but I also worry about the unintended consequences for some students.
I'd just like to add that at the per page printing costs of more efficient consumer class laser printers -- not to mention business/professional class -- self-printing hard copies of open textbooks could still be cheaper than purchasing printed textbooks at the prices I see mentioned these days in news stories. The current, large hurdle in this is color.
So, for black/grayscale print, your students might be able to have a printed copy (in addition to electronic) while you still come out ahead, in terms of cost.
I mention the consumer class printers really just to emphasize per-page costs and perhaps with regard to one-off copies. If you are trying to outfit several hundred students, you would probably want to farm the printing (and binding) out to a professional, on-demand printer. I'm unfamiliar with what happens to color costs in that environment.
My main point is that open textbooks may make economic sense, even without dropping a computer in front of every kid.
So, for black/grayscale print, your students might be able to have a printed copy (in addition to electronic) while you still come out ahead, in terms of cost.
I mention the consumer class printers really just to emphasize per-page costs and perhaps with regard to one-off copies. If you are trying to outfit several hundred students, you would probably want to farm the printing (and binding) out to a professional, on-demand printer. I'm unfamiliar with what happens to color costs in that environment.
My main point is that open textbooks may make economic sense, even without dropping a computer in front of every kid.
There's an abundance of materials online, the issue is that they're not collated or aggregated in such a way that a technically uninspired teacher could effortlessly utilise them.
This is a problem that I and many others are working towards addressing.
"Textbooks" however, being books written to directly accompany a course, are probably not going to constitute the prevailing paradigm online - they are static and structured in a way that traditional printing required but modern technology finds burdensome.
This is a problem that I and many others are working towards addressing.
"Textbooks" however, being books written to directly accompany a course, are probably not going to constitute the prevailing paradigm online - they are static and structured in a way that traditional printing required but modern technology finds burdensome.
Any details on what you are doing? Anything I can do to help?
Actually what I'm working towards is much like what jvincent is asking for:
"students need to be able to self-teach using online dynamic material (as opposed to static textbooks). Teachers would design courses from mashups and assist students individually in their progress"
Mine would be an interface for designing and delivering those "mashups".
I plan to release much of it on an MIT (or equivalent) license, so if you're a python/django coder you can contribute code to it. Otherwise, your feedback would be great, once I have something to show you - you can get in touch with me through the link in my profile.
"students need to be able to self-teach using online dynamic material (as opposed to static textbooks). Teachers would design courses from mashups and assist students individually in their progress"
Mine would be an interface for designing and delivering those "mashups".
I plan to release much of it on an MIT (or equivalent) license, so if you're a python/django coder you can contribute code to it. Otherwise, your feedback would be great, once I have something to show you - you can get in touch with me through the link in my profile.
We've built a document editor that might be suitable for reading (and writing) textbooks. It allows the text to refer to figures and details within those figures (e.g. "In Fig. 3, roller 22 is mounted on support 24.") It's originally built to prepare patent applications (see teampatent.com and ask for a beta account) but has wide applicability in other fields. It's collaborative like Google Docs, runs on Amazon Web Services so it can scale, and is built exclusively with open source (with a Python backend) so we have flexibility on how to deploy it. I can't reach ozanonay at her website so contact me at rocky at teampatent dot com.
Introducing CK12 Foundation: www.ck12.org. A non Profit that addresses this very problem. CK12 is working on Free and Open text books under Creative Common.
Yes. I'd go so far as to say that it's inevitable given enough time.
So a student wants to look up a simple question on a math topic for a quiz or test coming up in 15 minutes. She's sitting in a hallway and doesn't have time to run down to the computer room to do this. Or the room is full.
Will students have access to the same material at home? What if they don't own, or can't afford, a computer?
What is the cost of all this compared to replacing the books? Take into account having to replace the outdated online material as often as replacing outdated books.
I know I'm not alone when I say I learn much better with a book in my hand. I can "scroll" faster, index faster, almost everything is just faster. Yes, you can search on a computer faster but general reading is always more pleasurable with a book in hand.
Will students have access to the same material at home? What if they don't own, or can't afford, a computer?
What is the cost of all this compared to replacing the books? Take into account having to replace the outdated online material as often as replacing outdated books.
I know I'm not alone when I say I learn much better with a book in my hand. I can "scroll" faster, index faster, almost everything is just faster. Yes, you can search on a computer faster but general reading is always more pleasurable with a book in hand.
Thanks