As a CS undergrad at Berkeley in the 90's I took an upper division math class in which we worked through the "old school" proof which was brand new and exciting then. Pretty much everyone else in the class was a math grad student. I don't think I understood more than 20% of the material! :)
Yes I'm sorry, Area Forecast Discussions are a product of NOAA/National Weather Service in the United States and its territories. They do cover a lot of ground from Guam to Puerto Rico, the continental US and Alaska, but not Europe.
Great to see some love for Forecast Discussions! As a pilot, and overall outdoor enthusiast I've relied on Forecast Discussions for many years. If I may be so bold, my app Deep Weather for iOS is designed to be the most convenient and easy-to-read source for Forecast Discussions. It's free (with some more advanced/optional features requiring a subscription): https://apps.apple.com/us/app/deep-weather/id528748182