I'm a registered nurse, and while not an expert in microbio, I have more training in it than the average bear.
It doesn't take much for bacteria or fungi to start growing on previously filtered water once it's open to air. Just take a glass of filtered water and leave it out for a few weeks. Some glasses won't grow anything. Others will have all sorts of things floating on the surface.
Pasteur is credited for formalizing this knowledge when he figured out that if you used a crooked necked flask to store media, it reduces the chance of airborne contamination.
Once bacteria form a biofilm, it could make it more difficult for any chlorine or UV light to disinfect or sanitize the surface. The bacteria have formed a sort of protective bubble.
Mycobacteria are particularly good at resisting various antibiotics because they have a thicker than average cell envelope. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is another bug in this family.
I appreciate your frustration as a patient. Myself, I am both a patient and a clinician.
I do think you're missing some things about the way things work "behind the curtain", and I was hoping to offer some insight.
I'm not an expert in medical education, but insofar as it is similar to nursing education, a good one is actually taught from "first principles" of anatomy, physiology, chemistry,physics, etc etc, and you diagnose from there with the assistance of heuristics.
To the extent that medical education is qualitative, that is because human beings experience things in very qualitative ways. You're treating patients and not fixing servers.
Hope this helps. Doing medicine is extremely hard, and automating it is an equally difficult task.
You won't have an argument from me about difficult to use EMR systems.
As I said above, there is widespread use of clinical decision support systems already. They do things like flag patients that the program determines might have sepsis in the hospital.
The issue is, even these relatively simple programs generate large numbers of false positives and negatives.
Now, let's say someone has an uncommon cause of epigrastric pain. Epigastric pain is a very non-specific symptom to begin with. So, the amount of rule based work up you can do on that information alone even for common causes is very small. Nevermind the uncommon causes.
Accurately diagnosing and following up on each patient that walks through your door over the course of an entire 80 year medical history is infinitely more complex than getting a plane from point A to point B.
And, the problem of people giving up after having worked through algorithms isn't necessarily solved by more and more formal algorithms. Airline safety is actually a perfect example of why that is the case. Plenty of cases of pilots getting fixated on what the auto pilot is telling them.
This. They act well as warning systems in case you may have missed something, but they don't solve the issue very well of who to work up in the first place or how to do it.
Actually, there is widespread use of what are called clinical decision support systems (CDSS). But, one of the primary problems with these systems is they generate a large number of false positives and negatives depending on the context.
You still need a physician/nurse/pharmacist to "hand fly the plane". In my own practice, they have been useful to an extent, but they are light years away from automating away clinicians.
It doesn't take much for bacteria or fungi to start growing on previously filtered water once it's open to air. Just take a glass of filtered water and leave it out for a few weeks. Some glasses won't grow anything. Others will have all sorts of things floating on the surface.
Pasteur is credited for formalizing this knowledge when he figured out that if you used a crooked necked flask to store media, it reduces the chance of airborne contamination.
Once bacteria form a biofilm, it could make it more difficult for any chlorine or UV light to disinfect or sanitize the surface. The bacteria have formed a sort of protective bubble.
Mycobacteria are particularly good at resisting various antibiotics because they have a thicker than average cell envelope. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is another bug in this family.