I think it's a nice overview. I don't mind that certain things appear more than once as "leaf nodes", because it shows that the same methods can be used for different things. Visualizing this with only one "leaf node" each would have been more messy in my opinion.
I also think the differentiation of Classification and Regression is justified, because while Regression can be used for Classification, it's not quite the same thing.
I'm not an expert, but in my opinion the difference is that Classification is sorting a basket of apples and bananas into two separate baskets, while Regression is predicting which fruit will come out of the basket after X apples and Y bananas.
People always make it sound like checking email, facebook, twitter, etc. updates is not a choice, but something that just happens by itself without you having the chance to get away from it unless you totally discard said service...
Whenever I work I just close my mail client, put away my phone, open my work browser(yes, I have a work and a play browser because I'm one of those people who always have a gazillion tabs open at the same time) and TA-DAH! No distractions!
It's actually the first time if you never had to try before.
I think this is an issue that lots of people having an easy time in HS have, we actually need to learn how to study once things get more complex.
American Idol: Admit you don't follow, but act interested and ask a few questions here and there. If you have the opportunity, try to steer the conversation to topics that interest you along the way. I think what isn't well received is only if you act like watching things like that is a stupid waste of time.
Sad situations: This one took me a while to figure out. When someone came to me with their problems, I alwas thought they were searching for a solution, so I offered my opinion on how to fix the issue. Mostly this was not so well received - I think because the person is stressed out to begin with and offering solutions gives them no excuse not to act on their problems. Most people only want emotional support, or as someone else said, their problems to be acknowledged; so a simple "I'm sorry to hear that." is usually enough. Listeing is better in these cases than talking.
Ask for reasoning: You can also pretend not to understand them, to put the "stupiditiy" on yourself instead of them. "I don't really understand how you arrived at that conclusion, could you elaborate a little further?"
Friends: Look for things you have in common with the other person, then try to arrange doing something together. If there's a movie you are both interested in, ask them to go see it with you. If they like you back, they'll most likely try to arrange to meet again. (Though sometimes you need to be persistent because others aren't that great at friend-making either.)
Compliments: Show the other person that you appreciate the compliment, because it's not something you take for granted. I think this is more humble than totally discarding them.
I think your view of the MBTI-traits is a little too black and white.
Being an introvert indeed does not meen that you lack communicatoin skills or are uncomfortable in social situations, it only means that you enjoy solitude more than an extroverted person, and even need it sometimes because social situations can be draining.
It basically could be described by getting your energy from being alone VS getting it from being with people.
The other traits aren't meaningless either, though I think their naming can be a little misleading. For example, always keeping deadlines or finishing prior to them is a high indicator of someone being a J. Ss tend to be more detail oriented, in-the-moment people, why Ns see the big picture, etc. I think if you spend some time really understanding the MBTI it can be of great help in dealing with people that are different than you.
So what I'm really trying to say - those traits don't describe how people behave, but how they process information and handle certain situations.
I'm not an expert, but in my opinion the difference is that Classification is sorting a basket of apples and bananas into two separate baskets, while Regression is predicting which fruit will come out of the basket after X apples and Y bananas.