There is a simple counter-example that proves that this is the wrong question to ask.
You cannot simply make a zygote with just the DNA from a sperm and an egg together alone. Both parents pronuclei are required for epigenetic reasons. If you try to do this, and the pronuclei are not present, then you will not make any viable offspring.
This is just one example of how oversimplified the model taught by the book is, though it is a useful one. The only thing that is certain is that we are not anywhere near being able to claim to know how many genes it takes to make a person.
Agreed. It's refreshing to read a justification to learn to enjoy such moments.
This is especially true in a society that tends to only place value on thoughts that directly lead to tangible means of moving forward. Sometimes, however, these moments of thoughtlessness can complement the aforementioned moments of intensity. This combination can actually lead to an overall net gain in achieving ones goals, whatever they may be.
A tough concept for the prototypical Type A personality to grapple with, no doubt. But something that is worth pondering.
I use these for coding/studying all the time. If you download all of them and put them on shuffle you basically have ~40 hours of music to jump into at any given moment.
I've been using the Anki iOS application for a while now. I'm considering moving my stack over to org-drill.el to minimze context switching. Anyone made a similar switch or can compare the two at all?
This is the reason I am pushing myself towards simpler solutions, even if I end up losing some functionality/connections out of it. The added cognitive load of dealing with managing all of these services is becoming really painful.
Yes, I may not have push via the cloud to my latest iGizmo, but at least I don't have to worry that I forgot an important calendar, todo, file, or chat message on one of 5 services that mix and match between what they offer.
Org-mode can run calendar, todo, notes, habits, journal, etc.
Chat is where I still haven't found a solution. Switching to XMPP/SMS semi-exclusively is probably the next step.
The notoriety that this concept has managed to garner in the past 36 hours only secures the fact that a clone app (and however many more) will be made in a short period of time.
How much of an effect is removing the app really going to have?
Many of these metabolic degradation products (not just beta-amyloid) of neuronal cell activities should readily be cleared quickly and efficiently from the interstitial space of the brain due to the highly sensitive nature of neuronal cells to their environment.
Some negative effects documented from these byproducts include: negatively effecting synaptic transmission[1], decreasing cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations[2] (Ca2+ is one of the final players in the triggering the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse between neurons to facilitate messages), and irreversible neuronal injury[3].
[1] - K. Parameshwaran, M. Dhanasekaran, V. Suppiramaniam, Amyloid beta peptides and glutamatergic synaptic dysregulation. Exp. Neurol. 210, 7–13 (2008)
[2] - K. V. Kuchibhotla, S. T. Goldman, C. R. Lattarulo, H. Y. Wu, B. T. Hyman, B. J. Bacskai, Abeta plaques lead to aberrant regulation of calcium homeostasis in vivo resulting in structural and functional disruption of neuronal networks. Neuron 59, 214–225 (2008)
[3] - M. P. Mattson, Calcium and neuronal injury in Alzheimer’s disease. Contributions of beta-amyloid precursor protein mismetabolism, free radicals, and metabolic compromise. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 747, 50–76 (1994)
It's not so simple as simply increasing the amount of CSF influx into the brain, but also increasing interstitial space via adrenergic receptor inhibition.
The clearance of beta-amyloid, etc. is largely linked to the state of sleeping that would be tough to isolate without inducing sleeping itself.
+1 for looking into peer reviewed publications, specifically review articles.
Not only are they concise, but they are highly referenced and well annotated. As long as you are willing to dig into the specific terms and concepts relevant to the subject yourself, you will find a very high S:N ratio in these papers.
The best part is that you can easily find yourself down 4-5 different rabbit holes by the time you are done because of the easy to follow references.
Vsauce makes a good point that we just aren't made to intuitively understand this type of stuff. Recognizing this fact, in my opinion, is a key driver in helping to wrap our minds around these concepts. It's important to understand that these concepts are valid in both our visible world and the hidden quantum world, the main difference is scale.
For example, I could never wrap my head around the fact that electrons can have multiple paths/histories simultaneously when travelling. The same is true of a baseball thrown in the air, the only difference is that on the visible scale that we are used to the chance of that baseball taking a different path/history is so small that it will never happen.
It's his passion for the material that always keeps me watching. Listening to someone explain a topic that they find deeply intriguing is a pleasure. Reminds me of Feynman.
Amazing how quick the honey bees respond in unison to attack the hornet.
Even more amazing that the honey bee can withstand temperatures up to 118 degrees F, just 3 degrees higher than the hornet, and yet they still manage to use heat as a means of attack.
Fair enough, but as the level of abstraction increases in crime it becomes easier for people to commit crimes that wouldn't have otherwise. Remove the human interaction and the guilt that comes along with that situation is suddenly minimized.
More and more companies are staying private as VC/hedge fund/private equity firm valuations stay high, it's fairly easy to continually raise money through private avenues, etc. There is less of a need to go public for the founders and investors of these backed companies to get rich.
I've thought about this often and the only solution I can come up with is to disallow myself to think quickly when solving problems, even when I believe that I should reliably be able to do so[0].
I've noticed that when I take the time to think slowly through problems, although the initial activation energy is higher, that I end up saving time in the long run. Also, I tend to end up with a higher percentage of correct answers. This trend tends to increase with the complexity of the problem.
Yes, you probably lose some time on the easy problems, but I look at it as a method of gaining net time over days, weeks, etc.
This, unfortunately, is tough to stick with. It's tempting to skip the easy steps along the way (and let our System 1 do all the work, leaving System 2 to collect dust).
[0] - This is still a working hypothesis that I will undoubtedly go back and forth on for the years to come.
You cannot simply make a zygote with just the DNA from a sperm and an egg together alone. Both parents pronuclei are required for epigenetic reasons. If you try to do this, and the pronuclei are not present, then you will not make any viable offspring.
This is just one example of how oversimplified the model taught by the book is, though it is a useful one. The only thing that is certain is that we are not anywhere near being able to claim to know how many genes it takes to make a person.