Why Iceland has the happiest people on earth(guardian.co.uk)
guardian.co.uk
Why Iceland has the happiest people on earth
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/may/18/iceland
14 comments
Sounds a lot like Seattle or Portland.
[deleted]
Also, I think they are rich because of the cheap energy sources?
There's more to it than that, and the same goes for Norway. Sweden (ranking 6 on the 2007 index) has much of the same social structure as Iceland and Norway, but does not have the same availability of cheap energy. Sweden does have a fair amount of hydropower available, but you'll also find other countries in the top of the Human Development Index that do not have access to such luxuries.
Also, notice that the Middle East is nowhere near the top of the index. Having abundant natural resources certainly helps things along if a country has good leadership, but it is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition.
Also, notice that the Middle East is nowhere near the top of the index. Having abundant natural resources certainly helps things along if a country has good leadership, but it is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition.
So which countries without natural resources are dong well? Japan, perhaps?
Singapore, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Germany, South Korea, Japan, Denmark (some oil/gas), Netherlands (some oil/gas), parts of the Caribbean?
Seems to be a Europe/East Asia bias going on here. In addition some of the richest states in the US doesn't have a lot of natural resources.
Seems to be a Europe/East Asia bias going on here. In addition some of the richest states in the US doesn't have a lot of natural resources.
I wonder how the individual US states would fare if measured separately in such surveys. There really is a massive cultural and economic variance between them. McDonald's is everywhere, sure, but if you scratch the surface the differences can be vast. It's often misleading to try to generalize across the entire nation. Many of the tourists and exchanges students I've met here have mentioned how they didn't really appreciate the size and diversity of the nation until they experienced it for themselves.
Considering only GDP:
http://strangemaps.wordpress.com/2007/06/10/131-us-states-re...
http://strangemaps.wordpress.com/2007/06/10/131-us-states-re...
This is cool, though I worry that people will conclude (as the Icelandic president has) that Iceland has "blended the best of Europe and the United States here, the Nordic welfare system with the American entrepreneurial spirit".
There are a lot of policies that work well with an ethnically homogeneous society of 313,000 people but completely fail on a larger scale. This scaling problem is the perennial defect of socialism. (Well, one of them, anyway.) In contrast, free markets appear to scale indefinitely, naturally finding the right business unit sizes along the way. (For example, for gourmet restaurants, it's ~1 restaurant; for fast food restaurants, it's a national or global branded chain.)
I suspect that the natural business unit size for much of Iceland's 'Nordic welfare system' is approximately 313,000 ethnically homogeneous people.
There are a lot of policies that work well with an ethnically homogeneous society of 313,000 people but completely fail on a larger scale. This scaling problem is the perennial defect of socialism. (Well, one of them, anyway.) In contrast, free markets appear to scale indefinitely, naturally finding the right business unit sizes along the way. (For example, for gourmet restaurants, it's ~1 restaurant; for fast food restaurants, it's a national or global branded chain.)
I suspect that the natural business unit size for much of Iceland's 'Nordic welfare system' is approximately 313,000 ethnically homogeneous people.
Good point. Socialism doesn't scale. This is more of an issue about the size and homogenity of the population than any ingenious public policy. Unfortunately, living in a homogenous country isn't terribly exciting or stimulating.
Most of the points raised here about Iceland (my home country) and your so-called "socialism" apply equally well to Sweden, Norway and Denmark. Look them up in the happiness, education and economic statistics. They are multimillion populations that are doing quite nicely, "socialism" notwithstanding.
Honestly, both Sweden, Denmark and Norway have growing problems with influx of immigrants and refugees, who are unable to contribute, but nonetheless must be offered the same benefits as everyone else. This is creating a dangerous backlash.
To say that you can't generalize about work ethic and business integrity just shows a lack of experience. Please travel to the rest of the world.
The reason our countries are like this is what's been hinted at: Affluency and homogenous cultures. The real test of a society, in my opinion, is what happens when you have to adapt? When diverse groups join or sources of wealth become scarcer.
In this regard the American model has really proven itself: Let everyone in, but expect them to make it work for themselves instead of having everything handed to them. (Unfortunately, lately America is preferring the Fort Apache model.)
To say that you can't generalize about work ethic and business integrity just shows a lack of experience. Please travel to the rest of the world.
The reason our countries are like this is what's been hinted at: Affluency and homogenous cultures. The real test of a society, in my opinion, is what happens when you have to adapt? When diverse groups join or sources of wealth become scarcer.
In this regard the American model has really proven itself: Let everyone in, but expect them to make it work for themselves instead of having everything handed to them. (Unfortunately, lately America is preferring the Fort Apache model.)
I'm one of those "immigrants" in Norway, and I seem to have been able to contribute just fine-- in fact, my start-up employees 30 people, most of them natives.
My reticence to generalize about work ethic and business integrity is not due to a lack of experience-- I have travelled a fair bit-- but because stereotyping based on anecdotal experience seems dangerous.
My reticence to generalize about work ethic and business integrity is not due to a lack of experience-- I have travelled a fair bit-- but because stereotyping based on anecdotal experience seems dangerous.
An immigrant, cool, which part of Somalia do you come from? I am very impressed that you adapted so well from being an illiterate sheep herder to a highly structured western society, and was even able to start your own company. Good job.
Joking aside. Highly skilled workers like yourself immigrating isn't the problem. People aren't racists, but they are also not blinded by ideology like people on the left (be kind to others) and right (free movement of people) who, for different reasons welcome unlimited immigration.
Joking aside. Highly skilled workers like yourself immigrating isn't the problem. People aren't racists, but they are also not blinded by ideology like people on the left (be kind to others) and right (free movement of people) who, for different reasons welcome unlimited immigration.
People aren't racists? You sure about that?
I don't remember saying anything about "unlimited" immigration, by the way...
I don't remember saying anything about "unlimited" immigration, by the way...
People who are anti-immigration are not necessarily racists, just like people who criticize Israels actions aren't necessarily anti-Semites. I personally feel that that type of argumentation poisons the discussion.
Wow, where did that come from? I'm not saying that all people who are "anti-immigration" are racist-- but some of them certainly are. I've seen my share of racism, without question.
In Norway, there is serious under-employment-- it is not possible to be "against immigration" per se; it's all a matter of degree.
Over-simplifying the positions ("people are not racist";"unlimited immigration") doesn't do the discussion any favors, either.
In Norway, there is serious under-employment-- it is not possible to be "against immigration" per se; it's all a matter of degree.
Over-simplifying the positions ("people are not racist";"unlimited immigration") doesn't do the discussion any favors, either.
I apologize for being vague. First off, Scandinavia is not socialist. It is pragmatic, if anything. Secondly, when I said socialism doesn't scale I was thinking about countries with at least 20 million citizens. However, it seems likely that some of the policies employed in Scandinavia in general simply wouldn't apply to a country like the UK. It seems likely that larger populations are more difficult to organize, and one has to resort to a more "greedy" approach.
That said, Scandinavia is not all about homogenity and scale. It's also about culture: work-ethic, egalitarianism and a culture where people don't just screw each other over to make a fast buck.
That said, Scandinavia is not all about homogenity and scale. It's also about culture: work-ethic, egalitarianism and a culture where people don't just screw each other over to make a fast buck.
20 million people is the maximum size for Scandinavian-style socialism? In that case, here's a suggestion-- why not divide the US into, say, fifty separate geographical administrative units?
(By the way: I live in Norway, and was recently screwed over big-time by Norwegians looking to make a fast buck. In my experience, the "work ethic" is far below that of hte US. But I wouldn't be too quick to generalize....)
(By the way: I live in Norway, and was recently screwed over big-time by Norwegians looking to make a fast buck. In my experience, the "work ethic" is far below that of hte US. But I wouldn't be too quick to generalize....)
That's how it used to be, but ever since the US Civil War the federal government has been gaining more and more power. States used to self-govern, no more. See the federal raids on legal medical marijuana caregivers and patients in California.
We tried dividing it in two once -- didn't work out so well...
Yeah, that's why I thought 50 semi-independent units might do the trick. I figure one for the islands out in the Pacific, and one for the big chunk hanging off of Canada; and the other 48 can divide the piece between Canada and Mexico. I've even got cute names picked out, if you'd like to hear them...
I think the reason a "nation with one big budget and financial system" works better than "50 small budgets and systems in a confederacy" is that the smaller, poorer states benefit heavily from the bigger richer states. In general, taxpayers in rich states get back less than they pay in federal taxes, and the beneficiaries are poorer states, who get back more than they pay.
It's a good setup, because prosperity in one area can help the whole country, and it lessons the infighting among the states. A rising tide lifts all boats if you will. If one state suddenly goes from 'poor' to 'rich' (like Texas when oil became a big deal) then other states will automatically benefit.
It's a good setup, because prosperity in one area can help the whole country, and it lessons the infighting among the states. A rising tide lifts all boats if you will. If one state suddenly goes from 'poor' to 'rich' (like Texas when oil became a big deal) then other states will automatically benefit.
The original confederacy under the Articles of Confederation resulted in a system where nothing got done, due to the lack of any federal executive power. The US Constitution was explicitly designed to balance the power of the federal and state interests.
Since the Civil War though, that balance has tipped towards the federal government retaining the power and authority over money.
The increase of executive power in the federal system is a two-edged sword. So is the large budget. It lends itself to inefficiencies in spending which are more easily remedied at a state or local level.
Since the Civil War though, that balance has tipped towards the federal government retaining the power and authority over money.
The increase of executive power in the federal system is a two-edged sword. So is the large budget. It lends itself to inefficiencies in spending which are more easily remedied at a state or local level.
Oh, and third off: Scandinavia only refers to Denmark, Norway and Sweden. To include Iceland and Finland, which is what we're doing here, it's the Nordic countries.
There are US cities with more people and there are more Swedes in Minnesota than in Sweden.
We'll see how those monolithic countries cope with an influx of "other". I wish them the best.
We'll see how those monolithic countries cope with an influx of "other". I wish them the best.
Iceland also has the most discos per capita out of any country in Europe.
I've been to Iceland many years ago. The people I met during my brief stay there seemed as happy as anywhere else. Then again, I didn't meet many people because it was too cold to go out most of the time.
BTW, don't be fooled by this whole "iceland is warm and greenland is cold" thing. Iceland is very, very cold. There's nothing to break the wind on the volcanic lava...it was the coldest I've ever been.
I've been to Iceland many years ago. The people I met during my brief stay there seemed as happy as anywhere else. Then again, I didn't meet many people because it was too cold to go out most of the time.
BTW, don't be fooled by this whole "iceland is warm and greenland is cold" thing. Iceland is very, very cold. There's nothing to break the wind on the volcanic lava...it was the coldest I've ever been.
And here I was thinking the Icelanders were so happy because they know they can take over the world with relative ease ala the Iceland strategem in Risk.
"Paternity leave is the thing that made the difference for women's equality in this country."
That's surprising, and intriguing. I've never thought of that, but it's quite plausible. I wonder if it's right...
That's surprising, and intriguing. I've never thought of that, but it's quite plausible. I wonder if it's right...
I wonder how to make it happen. I think in germany we now have laws that allow paternity leave for fathers and mothers alike. But if the father earns much more money than the mother, it still doesn't make sense economically for the father to stay at home.
EDIT: here on paternity leave, you get some money, but not your full salary.
EDIT: here on paternity leave, you get some money, but not your full salary.
Which is not the case in Iceland:
"All parents, who do not enjoy full contractual salary rights from their employers are paid by the Maternity/Paternity Leave Fund after they have been active in the domestic labour market for six consecutive months prior to the first day of the maternity/paternity leave."
http://www.invest.is/Doing-Business-in-Iceland/Labour-Force-...
"All parents, who do not enjoy full contractual salary rights from their employers are paid by the Maternity/Paternity Leave Fund after they have been active in the domestic labour market for six consecutive months prior to the first day of the maternity/paternity leave."
http://www.invest.is/Doing-Business-in-Iceland/Labour-Force-...
I kinda want to move to iceland after reading that. I've always seen pictures and wanted to visit, but It'd be fun to go and do research there or something.
I thought about the same thing. The University of Iceland apparently teaches its classes in Icelandic, but (from the website) the textbooks are mostly in English. Perhaps learning Icelandic and then doing a PhD might be a way to achieve that.
The Icelandic language is quite possibly one of, if not THE, most unique language I've ever heard spoken. I took a trip with my fiance out there a year or two ago and, while most people were glad to speak english to us, I was quite rapt whenever I could eavesdrop in on anyone speaking their native Icelandic. It's almost ... elvish?
Having said that, because of that fact I can't imagine the process of learning said language to be too too easy.
Having said that, because of that fact I can't imagine the process of learning said language to be too too easy.
Good social development statistics doesn't mean the people are happy with their lives. As I see, the article takes the results for granted without any doubt and then speculates and searches for the reasons. I'd at least search for the polls that ask if the people are optimistic/pessimistic, consider themselves happy/unhappy.
Though, I believe, standing far from the noisy Europe, maybe far from the consumption rush, they may feel calm, happy and optimistic. That's great.
> "The study was lent some credibility by the finding that the Russians were the most unhappy."
Yes, if you assume the myth that life in Russia very unpleasant, the study gets credibility. On the other hand, in the year the study was made, other studies showed Russian population to be the most optimistic in the history, thanks to fast economic growth and, I think, to breaking the pessimistic soviet mentality.
Though, I believe, standing far from the noisy Europe, maybe far from the consumption rush, they may feel calm, happy and optimistic. That's great.
> "The study was lent some credibility by the finding that the Russians were the most unhappy."
Yes, if you assume the myth that life in Russia very unpleasant, the study gets credibility. On the other hand, in the year the study was made, other studies showed Russian population to be the most optimistic in the history, thanks to fast economic growth and, I think, to breaking the pessimistic soviet mentality.
My personal hope is that optimism for the future and recognition of current conditions are orthogonal.
'Paternity leave is the thing that made the difference for women's equality in this country.'
this makes such a huge difference, this is a not socialist vs. capitalist comparison - it is simply a matter of putting peoples needs before corporations.
this makes such a huge difference, this is a not socialist vs. capitalist comparison - it is simply a matter of putting peoples needs before corporations.
"The study was lent some credibility by the finding that the Russians were the most unhappy."
...and the Guardian's credibility was ripped to shreds when turns out that Russia did NOT score lowest on the UN Human Development Index report (as seen at http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/)
Russia is number 67 out of 70 in the "highest development" section, and number 67 out of 177 total. Sorry, Guardian.
...and the Guardian's credibility was ripped to shreds when turns out that Russia did NOT score lowest on the UN Human Development Index report (as seen at http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/)
Russia is number 67 out of 70 in the "highest development" section, and number 67 out of 177 total. Sorry, Guardian.
They weren't referring to the UN report when they said that the Russians are the most unhappy. They were instead referring to a separate "seemingly serious academic study", which supposedly attempts to gauge the "happiness" of each of the nationalities.
How do you infer the happiness level from the development level?
Isn't that always the way with mainstream press - either a) you look into a subject or b) you know about subject, and you find in all cases they are far from correct.
I would almost think that the mainstream press is badly wrong 90% of the time. How does that effect our world view?
I would almost think that the mainstream press is badly wrong 90% of the time. How does that effect our world view?
Anyone who wants to learn a little more about Icelandic roots you should look for any books by Halldor Laxnes (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halld%C3%B3r_Laxness), specifically Independent People (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_People).
"The study was lent some credibility by the finding that the Russians were the most unhappy"
I've always thought most unhappy people live in China, India, Pakistan and such...
The statement above shows that happiness is mostly depending on culture. I personally found Russian culture and way of perceiving the world too depressive.
You wont be happy if you just move to Iceland. Learning Icelander's style of world perceiving is necessary. Could you?
I've always thought most unhappy people live in China, India, Pakistan and such...
The statement above shows that happiness is mostly depending on culture. I personally found Russian culture and way of perceiving the world too depressive.
You wont be happy if you just move to Iceland. Learning Icelander's style of world perceiving is necessary. Could you?
> I personally found Russian culture and way of perceiving the world too depressive.
Examples?
Examples?
I'm so glad this was posted on YC. Thank you! I'm glad this place is featuring the exact same links as reddit, digg, slashdot, etc. Woohoo copycats!
Icelandic is one of the world's most difficult languages to learn
No. Islandic is closest to old norse, proto-north-germanic. Anyone from Scandinavia can pick it up relatively easily. Other Germanic languages such as English are not so far removed either.
I don't know about you, but I strongly suspect Iceland needs a good stiff dose of diversity:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland#Demographics
It's all just a bunch of what Barack Obama would call "typical white people". There are 743 Filipinos! Can you imagine that being the largest "diverse" subset of a population in any other country? I sure can't. Perhaps the United Nations should send a commission on human rights to see what kind of discriminatory migration policies Iceland has enacted.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland#Demographics
It's all just a bunch of what Barack Obama would call "typical white people". There are 743 Filipinos! Can you imagine that being the largest "diverse" subset of a population in any other country? I sure can't. Perhaps the United Nations should send a commission on human rights to see what kind of discriminatory migration policies Iceland has enacted.
Needs? What benefit would Iceland get from more diversity?
Iceland's success proves that diversity is not necessary for their level of success. If you want to argue that they'd do better with more diversity, you get to provide relevant examples.
Or, are you suggesting that Iceland is obligated to do worse to have diversity?
Iceland's success proves that diversity is not necessary for their level of success. If you want to argue that they'd do better with more diversity, you get to provide relevant examples.
Or, are you suggesting that Iceland is obligated to do worse to have diversity?
He was trolling by being sarcastic, move along
You win! I'll say this in my defense though: The causes of happiness are so foggy that, really, anything goes when coming up with wherefores. No surprise that a socialist rag determined that socialism is the answer.
Iceland seems great statistically because there is no national underclass. Most Icelanders would be considered "middle class" today in the United States: some college, literate, aspiring to home ownership, and employed in services.
In every other country, the national statistics are skewed by some underemployed, undereducated, and often foreign "labor class" (or worse, welfare class). There is no "ghetto" in Iceland (though strangely, graffiti is everywhere). Why?
Because every modern nation was at one time "industrial," and industrial countries must import/create/preserve a labor class to work factories and plantations. But Iceland went from "frozen rock" to "modern service economy" in about 70 years.
I assure you that it's not a magical fairyland where everyone is happy. It's more like an American suburb of 250,000 (maybe in WA) where everyone is white and employed in an office... and a glacier/volcano/wind storm has trimmed away the unpleasant urban and rural elements and plunged them into the Arctic ocean.
Icelanders have the same hopes and strifes one would expect in such a suburb.