Ask YC: What have you learned that rocked your world?
54 comments
Social psychology was a big one for me too. Cialdini's book Influence gave me a lot to think about.
The role that biases play in my own thinking. Charlie Munger's speech that was on this site a while ago articulates a lot of things I was beginning to realize (http://vinvesting.com/docs/munger/human_misjudgement.html)
I struggled for a long time with procrastination and low productivity. When I realized that abandoning the parts of my life that were not deeply fulfilling (browsing the web aimlessly, refreshing RSS feeds, wasting time in forums, watching tv etc) would not actually be as painful as I thought it would, it changed how I live and work in a very fundamental way.
The role that biases play in my own thinking. Charlie Munger's speech that was on this site a while ago articulates a lot of things I was beginning to realize (http://vinvesting.com/docs/munger/human_misjudgement.html)
I struggled for a long time with procrastination and low productivity. When I realized that abandoning the parts of my life that were not deeply fulfilling (browsing the web aimlessly, refreshing RSS feeds, wasting time in forums, watching tv etc) would not actually be as painful as I thought it would, it changed how I live and work in a very fundamental way.
"... What have you learned that rocked your world? ..."
Mostly about empirical observations about the natural world. One very simple idea while in High School studying physics & chemistry that "the iron in your blood flowing through your arteries is composed of left over bits of exploded starts (Iron)". Another is how little we really observe and notice things. Every week I make a habit of exploring & looking for new things mostly flora or fauna [0] in the bush. It sharpens your observation skills and keeps you fit at the same time. It never ceases to amaze me finding a new variety of insect. [1] Last weeks was a huge fly. [2] Never seen them before. I'm still hunting after a huge flying insect approx: 4-5cm in diameter that I've only seen around 500+m elevation.
[0] http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/sets/72157600203012569/ and http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/sets/72157600195813933/
[1] http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/sets/72157600195955778/
[2] http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/2294889518
Mostly about empirical observations about the natural world. One very simple idea while in High School studying physics & chemistry that "the iron in your blood flowing through your arteries is composed of left over bits of exploded starts (Iron)". Another is how little we really observe and notice things. Every week I make a habit of exploring & looking for new things mostly flora or fauna [0] in the bush. It sharpens your observation skills and keeps you fit at the same time. It never ceases to amaze me finding a new variety of insect. [1] Last weeks was a huge fly. [2] Never seen them before. I'm still hunting after a huge flying insect approx: 4-5cm in diameter that I've only seen around 500+m elevation.
[0] http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/sets/72157600203012569/ and http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/sets/72157600195813933/
[1] http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/sets/72157600195955778/
[2] http://flickr.com/photos/bootload/2294889518
To take it up a notch, everything in your body is composed of left over bits of exploded stars.
"... everything in your body is composed of left over bits of exploded stars ..."
Sort of.
It is Iron with Atomic #26, the 6th most commonly abundant element, that in massive stars where stellar nucleosynthesis occurs is the point where the energy generated through fusion. The binding energy to add a neutron or proton, releases energy. After Iron (Fe56) the binding energy required to add a neutron or proton requires extra energy and can result in a collapse with heavier than Iron elements being generated in a super nova.
While stars up to our sun convert H->He and heavier elements it is Carbon, Nitrogen & Oxygen cycle (especially Carbon) that allows larger stars to create energy and finally the advanced fusion stages required for elements up to Iron. So you could probably argue that the existence of Carbon in humans is the just as significant.
Elements heavier than Iron requires explosive nucleosynthesis or a super nova to be created. These elements have unstable half lives. Hence the importance of Iron. [0]
[0] I've butchered a lot of physics here. Feel free to pick me up on the finer points.
Sort of.
It is Iron with Atomic #26, the 6th most commonly abundant element, that in massive stars where stellar nucleosynthesis occurs is the point where the energy generated through fusion. The binding energy to add a neutron or proton, releases energy. After Iron (Fe56) the binding energy required to add a neutron or proton requires extra energy and can result in a collapse with heavier than Iron elements being generated in a super nova.
While stars up to our sun convert H->He and heavier elements it is Carbon, Nitrogen & Oxygen cycle (especially Carbon) that allows larger stars to create energy and finally the advanced fusion stages required for elements up to Iron. So you could probably argue that the existence of Carbon in humans is the just as significant.
Elements heavier than Iron requires explosive nucleosynthesis or a super nova to be created. These elements have unstable half lives. Hence the importance of Iron. [0]
[0] I've butchered a lot of physics here. Feel free to pick me up on the finer points.
Okay, true, but I'll stand by a "nearly everything" since a very large subset of organic molecules are composed entirely of atoms lighter than Fe. We're probably safe to say that only small parts of your body require more exotic cosmological phenomena for their base material.
Carl Sagan's Cosmos - Star Stuff
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iE9dEAx5Sgw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iE9dEAx5Sgw
Complex and emergent systems. Certain systems can have only local interactions but have global effects. Some effects in nature are not the result of a single cause, but from the interactions of many local parts. One can design robust behavior (though not necessarily optimal) in the global system through only defining local interactions. Many biological systems have this architecture, such as ant colonies, immune systems, and neural networks, and flocks. So do non-biological ones, such as capitalistic economies, traffic jams, and choosing neighbors. The Atlantic's "Seeing around corners" is a good intro to the topic, as well as "The computational beauty of nature"
Sexual selection is the second child of Darwin that people haven't paid as much attention to, but he spent a significant amount of time devoting study to it. It poses interesting questions on the canonical natural selection mechanisms, when mate selection is factored in. When you look at the mating systems of other animals, there's a wide wide variety. From males that care for the young, polygamy being the norm in birds, homosexuality not all that uncommon in the animal kingdom, and factors that affect male:female size ratio. After learning about it, you dismiss arguments people make about how this or that aspect of nature is 'unnatural'. Chances are, they've never looked, and think all mating systems are like human ones.
Quitting the for-loop through functional programming styles. Hello map, inject, and each. Understanding the power of Lisp, and why it has parens everywhere. Understanding continuations are functions that don't return, and you merely chain them together. Still working on monads though.
Sexual selection is the second child of Darwin that people haven't paid as much attention to, but he spent a significant amount of time devoting study to it. It poses interesting questions on the canonical natural selection mechanisms, when mate selection is factored in. When you look at the mating systems of other animals, there's a wide wide variety. From males that care for the young, polygamy being the norm in birds, homosexuality not all that uncommon in the animal kingdom, and factors that affect male:female size ratio. After learning about it, you dismiss arguments people make about how this or that aspect of nature is 'unnatural'. Chances are, they've never looked, and think all mating systems are like human ones.
Quitting the for-loop through functional programming styles. Hello map, inject, and each. Understanding the power of Lisp, and why it has parens everywhere. Understanding continuations are functions that don't return, and you merely chain them together. Still working on monads though.
Emergent phenomena were a big one for me, too. One of my favorite pieces on the topic of economics is Hayek’s:
http://www.econlib.org/Library/Essays/hykKnw1.html
Dawkin’s “The Ancestor’s Tale” showed me this pattern in biology, too, and drastically rewrote the way I see the world.
Being able to follow and understand mathematical proofs for the first time was also enlightening. I prefer the simple, clever ones, such as Cantor’s diagonal proof of the uncountability of the real numbers: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor's_diagonal_argument
Dawkin’s “The Ancestor’s Tale” showed me this pattern in biology, too, and drastically rewrote the way I see the world.
Being able to follow and understand mathematical proofs for the first time was also enlightening. I prefer the simple, clever ones, such as Cantor’s diagonal proof of the uncountability of the real numbers: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor's_diagonal_argument
"Understanding continuations are functions that don't return." I've never heard a clearer explanation of continuations!
I remember when I first read a similarly short explanation of Lisp. Suddenly it clicked. It was something like: "All code can be represented as an AST. S-expressions are just serialized ASTs." Only it was better. Lost the source.
PS: I love everyone's comments, keep them coming!
I remember when I first read a similarly short explanation of Lisp. Suddenly it clicked. It was something like: "All code can be represented as an AST. S-expressions are just serialized ASTs." Only it was better. Lost the source.
PS: I love everyone's comments, keep them coming!
Euler's equation.
That conservation laws follow from deeper symmetry principles (Noether's theorem). Symmetry under translation corresponds to conservation of momentum, symmetry under rotation to conservation of angular momentum, symmetry in time to conservation of energy!
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NoethersSymmetryTheorem.html
That conservation laws follow from deeper symmetry principles (Noether's theorem). Symmetry under translation corresponds to conservation of momentum, symmetry under rotation to conservation of angular momentum, symmetry in time to conservation of energy!
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NoethersSymmetryTheorem.html
This has to do with the context where I learned Euler's Equation, but I can never separate it from Fourier and (later) Laplace transforms. Those are all so beautiful and mind blowing.
I'll second that Fourier transform. The idea that you could represent basically a list of numbers with a sum of sines, or any other orthonormal set is mindblowing to me. Nothing in math has blown my mind as much as functional analysis.
Addendum after the edit period:
Wavelet transforms also go on this list.
Wavelet transforms also go on this list.
That the hack is the architecture.
Architectures are designed to solve the known set of problems at the time of inception. When that problem set changes people try to adapt the architecture to solve the new problem set. Usually this is done through the path of least resistance. The easiest to implement with the least known side effects.
My favorite example: Web browsers were never ever meant to host applications when they were first designed. They can only passably do so today through elaborate hacks. This is why writing a good web application is so difficult and time consuming. These hacks are now well known established parts of what is the accepted architecture of web browsers but they were once hacks and are still hacks.
Similar examples exist all over the place. Design for the future and build for today...
Architectures are designed to solve the known set of problems at the time of inception. When that problem set changes people try to adapt the architecture to solve the new problem set. Usually this is done through the path of least resistance. The easiest to implement with the least known side effects.
My favorite example: Web browsers were never ever meant to host applications when they were first designed. They can only passably do so today through elaborate hacks. This is why writing a good web application is so difficult and time consuming. These hacks are now well known established parts of what is the accepted architecture of web browsers but they were once hacks and are still hacks.
Similar examples exist all over the place. Design for the future and build for today...
"We can implant entirely false memories"[1]
I also remember being really suprised when I first learned the Central Limit Theorem[2] a long time ago.
That said, Hofstadter's "Gödel, Escher, Bach"[3] probably had the biggest impact on me.
[1] http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2003/dec/04/science.resear...
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_limit_theorem
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gödel,_Escher,_Bach
I also remember being really suprised when I first learned the Central Limit Theorem[2] a long time ago.
That said, Hofstadter's "Gödel, Escher, Bach"[3] probably had the biggest impact on me.
[1] http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2003/dec/04/science.resear...
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_limit_theorem
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gödel,_Escher,_Bach
I don't know that I was surprised by the CLT itself. What surprised me about it was how nice it made everything else. In some sense there are whole books full of theorems which go from tedious and complex to 12-year-old simple in just 3 letters.
The Central Limit Theorem... that's a good one. Come to think of it, I felt enlightened by it even despite a teacher who wanted to be an actuary but had to teach AP Stat instead because she couldn't pass her actuarial exam, in addition to all the usual horrors bemoaned in the Lockhart essay that was posted the other day. I suppose that suggests that under more organic learning conditions, it would have been quite exciting.
1. I could learn how to be attractive to women. Everything I learned when younger was wrong, and relationships don't just happen, you must work to make them happen. Intelligence actually can be used for sexual attraction.
2. When I am sure I am being totally logical, something analyzing myself shows very clearly that my motivations aren't what I think. People who deny their irrational humanity the most often are extremely irrational humans in many obvious ways (to someone other than themselves). A whole lot of extremely complex things are really a form of very simple, and often counterproductive, fear.
3. I really don't have to be what other people want me to be.
4. A lot of deeply held and complex human phenomena have extremely simple explanations, which you aren't allowed to say, but which can be extremely useful to know nonetheless. (For example, take the tapestry of specific social and philosophical beliefs about religion, all constructed out of transparently motivated falsehood or meaningless gibberish.)
2. When I am sure I am being totally logical, something analyzing myself shows very clearly that my motivations aren't what I think. People who deny their irrational humanity the most often are extremely irrational humans in many obvious ways (to someone other than themselves). A whole lot of extremely complex things are really a form of very simple, and often counterproductive, fear.
3. I really don't have to be what other people want me to be.
4. A lot of deeply held and complex human phenomena have extremely simple explanations, which you aren't allowed to say, but which can be extremely useful to know nonetheless. (For example, take the tapestry of specific social and philosophical beliefs about religion, all constructed out of transparently motivated falsehood or meaningless gibberish.)
ditto on #1. What women sometimes view as happy coincidences in romantic fate is actually the work of meticulous planning on part of the guy.
Another: Joel's law of Leaky Abstractions was forehead-slappingly good at expressing what I had never put into words.
http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/LeakyAbstractions.htm...
http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/LeakyAbstractions.htm...
Selfish Gene, social dynamics, sexual attraction, status.
It took me a few months of reading and thinking about all this stuff to comprehend it and put any of it into action. When I did, and saw the results, it broke my brain and forced me to re-evaluate pretty much everything I understood about the world... not just human behaviour and relationships but business, economics, politics, the lot.
It took me a few months of reading and thinking about all this stuff to comprehend it and put any of it into action. When I did, and saw the results, it broke my brain and forced me to re-evaluate pretty much everything I understood about the world... not just human behaviour and relationships but business, economics, politics, the lot.
Girls like sex too.
On this tangent. I think that the moment I realized that nobody thinks as complicated as we think they do. Basically it boiled down to this thought, "If that girl came up to me right now, how would I feel?" "I'd feel great thats what!". And then I get up the balls to go and talk to her. The idea of putting myself in other's shoes really changed my attitude on a lot of things.
You know what's funny? What you said is true for pretty much everything else in life, too. Not just sex.
Here's something I've learned that rocked my world: most things are not nearly as complicated as I make them in my head. Apparently this comes from some kind of childhood issue with pleasing parents. But if you're smart, chances are you can do a lot more than you give yourself credit for.
I just wish I'd learned that earlier.
Here's something I've learned that rocked my world: most things are not nearly as complicated as I make them in my head. Apparently this comes from some kind of childhood issue with pleasing parents. But if you're smart, chances are you can do a lot more than you give yourself credit for.
I just wish I'd learned that earlier.
It rocked my world to know why all comments with the word sex in it were immediately upmodded.
Turns out, people really really like sex. A lot.
Turns out, people really really like sex. A lot.
I wonder how many girls upmodded that comment?
* Q-BASIC, when I was in kindergarten.
* Lisp, then all over again with Haskell.
* Anarchocapitalism.
* The proof of Turing's undecidability theorem.
* Positivism (even though I'm a Platonist).
* How compilers work.
* RSA.
* Lisp, then all over again with Haskell.
* Anarchocapitalism.
* The proof of Turing's undecidability theorem.
* Positivism (even though I'm a Platonist).
* How compilers work.
* RSA.
Stack three polarizers. Orient #1 and #2 parallel, orient #3 perpendicular. See no light come through.
Rotate #2 to 45 degrees. See light come through.
Remove #2 completely. See no light come through.
Rotate #2 to 45 degrees. See light come through.
Remove #2 completely. See no light come through.
Just about anyone can do just about anything, eventually.
Too many people prevent possibility by discounting others because they fail to distinguish between the words "eventually" and "never".
Too many people prevent possibility by discounting others because they fail to distinguish between the words "eventually" and "never".
Fun question. First thoughts: logo (the computer language), the proof of the infinitude of primes, calculus and Newtonian mechanics, general relativity, the idea that thinking is a learnable skill.
It's interesting to me what I've learnt but which didn't make my list: most things related to programming, mathematics, and physics, including quantum mechanics. Generally speaking, most of that knowledge was more incremental.
It's interesting to me what I've learnt but which didn't make my list: most things related to programming, mathematics, and physics, including quantum mechanics. Generally speaking, most of that knowledge was more incremental.
The Selfish Gene.
The Selfish Gene changed my life, along with Phantoms in the Brain By V.S. Ramachandran.
Differential equations. That the world could be described by calculus was a revelation to me.
Godel's incompleteness theorems.
How did that rock your world?
I'm not asking you to explain the theorems -- I understand them -- just indicate why or how they are significant to you.
I'm not asking you to explain the theorems -- I understand them -- just indicate why or how they are significant to you.
In brief, they're mathematical proofs that certain things are unknowable. Mathematics rarely gets so close to theology. And religion is rarely so certain.
Oh, so before you learned about the theorems, you thought you could know anything, and the theorems set you right on that point? And somehow that was a theological or transcendental experience?
There's a big difference in the emotional experience of thinking you know something, and actually having proof of it. I think most theists would be similarly amazed by an encounter with a deity.
Differential calculus. Lisp. The circle of fifths.
For sure on the Circle of Fifths, and the whole "music theory is stacks of thirds, fourths, or fifths all the way down" thing is pretty neat.
But what blew my mind even more in music is that our 12 tone even-tempered scale is arbitrary and only firmed up a few hundred years ago. Everything before that (and for many years after, and in many non-western musical cultures) was written assuming just intonation. Modern electronic instruments have brought just intonation (and all sorts of weird stuff) back into reasonable usage.
But what blew my mind even more in music is that our 12 tone even-tempered scale is arbitrary and only firmed up a few hundred years ago. Everything before that (and for many years after, and in many non-western musical cultures) was written assuming just intonation. Modern electronic instruments have brought just intonation (and all sorts of weird stuff) back into reasonable usage.
Seconded the circle of fifths, it's a music thing if anyone is wondering.
I don't have any mind-blowing scientific proof to quote, though I am a trivia and wikipedia junky.
Just the other day I was watching my dog 'dig a hole' inside my house and attempt to bury one of his toys. The problem was that he wasn't actually digging anything up, and was covering the toy with 'ghost' matter (there wasn't anythying there, it was make believe dirt).
This got me to thinking that our entire universe has conspired for planet Earth to harbour life, and for life to evolve through millions of iterations to create the genus canus, and animal behaviour has developed to this exact point in time, where my dog innately knows how to dig, and he has no idea why.... and for that matter, neither do I. We're all such a fluke of existence, and we never take a moment to realize that.
Just the other day I was watching my dog 'dig a hole' inside my house and attempt to bury one of his toys. The problem was that he wasn't actually digging anything up, and was covering the toy with 'ghost' matter (there wasn't anythying there, it was make believe dirt).
This got me to thinking that our entire universe has conspired for planet Earth to harbour life, and for life to evolve through millions of iterations to create the genus canus, and animal behaviour has developed to this exact point in time, where my dog innately knows how to dig, and he has no idea why.... and for that matter, neither do I. We're all such a fluke of existence, and we never take a moment to realize that.
The thing I'm most thankful to have learned in 2007 is that there is a _lot_ more that I don't know about programming than I thought there was.
That a single photon can pass through two slits at once, and interfere with itself.
If you create a good product, some people will take you seriously and buy it.
Darwinism, Evolution and survival of the fittest. Such a simple idea that has such broad implications.
Diagonalization. Undecidability. Arrow's Theorem.
The most influential thing I’ve learned is that people act by their individual set of incentives. Apply choice aspects of psychology and economics – then you got something big. Think game theory.
Also, I'm waiting for the Human Genome Project to help elucidate more on the placebo effect.
I think it has a major correlation with the phenotypic vs. genotypic expression of faith - something all humans display toward an institution, ideology, themselves, and/or another person.
This will be immensely powerful information.
Also, I'm waiting for the Human Genome Project to help elucidate more on the placebo effect.
I think it has a major correlation with the phenotypic vs. genotypic expression of faith - something all humans display toward an institution, ideology, themselves, and/or another person.
This will be immensely powerful information.
That my child puts everything I've ever done into some lame also-did-this category.
Other parents will understand.
Other parents will understand.
1. Ludwig Wittgenstein's "Tractatus Logico Philosophicus" (the extremism of the idea, the solemn (poetic?) tone that nevertheless emerges from the sentences of such a rigorous work)
2. RMS reflections about morals in software programming (I may not wholly agree, but he taught me a whole new way of thinking about software)
3. Prolog declarative approach (instead of describing how to solve a problem, just describe the problem)
2. RMS reflections about morals in software programming (I may not wholly agree, but he taught me a whole new way of thinking about software)
3. Prolog declarative approach (instead of describing how to solve a problem, just describe the problem)
You actually read the Tractatus? Wow.
The universe rewards boldness
Computability and runtime efficiency. (I've productively applied this to problems in every domain of my life.)
The importance of limits. (From testing limit cases heavily, to time being the limit of being, to value sources being the limiting horizon of personality. Paul DePalma, Martin Heidegger, and Charles Taylor being to thank for teaching me those, respectively.)
The importance of limits. (From testing limit cases heavily, to time being the limit of being, to value sources being the limiting horizon of personality. Paul DePalma, Martin Heidegger, and Charles Taylor being to thank for teaching me those, respectively.)
1. Systems Theory with Buckminster Fuller and Russell Ackoff.
2. Recursion, not just in programming, but in other parts of nature.
3. Memory and social size approximations, such as memory chunking in seven plus or minus two, and Dunbar's number.
2. Recursion, not just in programming, but in other parts of nature.
3. Memory and social size approximations, such as memory chunking in seven plus or minus two, and Dunbar's number.
Quite a long list actually and hard to put in words.... Functional programming in general..especially its roots( halting problem, church's thesisetc...),reading about ENIAC .... small-world problem(miligram) and modelling such networks,beauty of primes and number theoretic algorithms,quantum mechanics. Several books have also influenced deeply...textbooks/sci-fi/cyberpunk...works of hofstadter,stephenson etc....
Discovering many of the beliefs and attributes I had grown and fostered within myself fall within what is described as the Law of Attraction (though I can't say I have as much stock in it as many do). There just seems to be an attitude that people who I see as successful have, and every time I see my attitude relating to theirs, I sit back and think, "wow."
Economics. After years of studying earth science and natural processes, economics taught me that economic drivers dominate everything, including everything about the natural world. It also taught me that economics is completely amoral. It doesn't look for good or bad, it just achieves results that society wants - versus what society says it wants.
Airway, Breathing, Circulation... Everything else is details
Carl Jung's ideas of Myth and Robert Johnson's "He"
Wealth is what people want. If you have what people want, you have wealth. You can create what people want.
The point of working is to make enough wealth to retire. You can do that all at once, or by selling off hours of your life in exchange for money.
The "money problem" can be solved.
Recursion.
Code == data == code
Carl Jung's ideas of Myth and Robert Johnson's "He"
Wealth is what people want. If you have what people want, you have wealth. You can create what people want.
The point of working is to make enough wealth to retire. You can do that all at once, or by selling off hours of your life in exchange for money.
The "money problem" can be solved.
Recursion.
Code == data == code
That an interpreter or compiler is just another program.
Metaprogramming and higher-order functions.
Squeak the IDE.
That there is no magic in computers or programming.
Metaprogramming and higher-order functions.
Squeak the IDE.
That there is no magic in computers or programming.
Most people do not like when I'm telling them about my startup. Especially online. Somehow talking about what you care about is taken as a self-promotion and counts as spam in their eyes. Go figure.
Don't know why, but I really liked network calculus in university:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_calculus
Being smart and working hard only mildly correlates with success.
To talk
To write
Gravity
Newtonian laws
The scientific method
Although only now I'm starting to realize how amazing all those things were. And I took it for granted for all my school years... They were all just means to pass a class. What a shame.
To write
Gravity
Newtonian laws
The scientific method
Although only now I'm starting to realize how amazing all those things were. And I took it for granted for all my school years... They were all just means to pass a class. What a shame.
Haskell (not just monads, though they were impressive too)
Parenting is harder than it looks - and much more rewarding than you might expect.
I didn't have an appreciation for how amazing my parents were until I had children.
I didn't have an appreciation for how amazing my parents were until I had children.
Soloing on the guitar.
That working for a company isn't the only option.
That working for a company isn't the only option.
I second Euler's equation.
Also, two books that really rocked my world (though I guess it's not really an answer to the question) were Dune and House of Leaves.
Also, two books that really rocked my world (though I guess it's not really an answer to the question) were Dune and House of Leaves.
hey ericb, can you tell us how you learned social psychology?
maybe what books, sites ... etc ?
also im checking the material that FleursDuMal mentioned ;)
also im checking the material that FleursDuMal mentioned ;)
Absolutely. I was a psych major. Another huge thing I learned, btw, was that my persistence (stubbornness, if you ask my wife ;) lets me learn most anything, which is how I came to be a developer.
Instead of how I learned it, I'll point you to some topics in social psych:
Read Cialdini, the psychology of influence.
This doubles for attracting investment and women: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_proof
Social skills-the parens are part of the link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirroring_(psychology)
Halo Effect http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halo_effect
Interesting experiments:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_experiment
http://www.prisonexp.org/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asch_conformity_experiments
If an area I listed here or in the original post is of particular interest, let me know and I'll reply with the specifics of what I meant, or pointers to some info on it.
Instead of how I learned it, I'll point you to some topics in social psych:
Read Cialdini, the psychology of influence.
This doubles for attracting investment and women: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_proof
Social skills-the parens are part of the link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirroring_(psychology)
Halo Effect http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halo_effect
Interesting experiments:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_experiment
http://www.prisonexp.org/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asch_conformity_experiments
If an area I listed here or in the original post is of particular interest, let me know and I'll reply with the specifics of what I meant, or pointers to some info on it.
thanks!, supercool! ;)
Basically anything by Greg Egan, particularly Permutation City.
Also nanotechnology, the singularity, and friendly AI, in order of learning about them.
Also nanotechnology, the singularity, and friendly AI, in order of learning about them.
The simplicity and difficulty of Bayes' Law.
GIZA++ and statistical machine translation tools.
Hilbert spaces.
Lisp macros
POKER IS NOT JUST A GAME
First, thanks for posting the question. I've read a lot of good info in this thread and I'd like to reciprocate.
The most important lesson I've learned in my life is that the people who have any influence over you are most likely playing you. And most "dirty tricks" are not done directly, but through their proxies. If this is news to you, you wont even be able to tell whose pulling the levers.
People may be moral on Sunday, but, come Monday, the boss can pretty much define what's right and wrong and people will fall in line, even if it's to conspire and betray. Most people have the morality of a squirrel: they will steal your nuts, but only when you aren't looking.
Their justifications for screwing you:
1. as long as they don't get caught, they think it's OK;
2. they assume they are being played, too, so it's just the way they think the world works;
3. the ends justify the means;
4. some people (salesmen / head hunters / egotistic managers) play it for the game: playing people like a puppet on a string, what's not to like, especially if it puts jingle in the pocket?
5. better him than me; it's a dog eat dog world;
6. who can afford morals when you have a mortgage payment due? Family first;
7. the naive deserve to be played if they're this easy;
8. bacon cheeseburgers, chocolate, and over-generous salaries go a long way towards assuaging the guilt;
9. some think saying a prayer every Sunday absolves them;
10. periodically spreading graft in the form of gifts, bonuses, perks, plush job positions, etc., is an embodiment of their good intentions and shows what swell guys they really are. In reality, they are trying to buy you.
Here's a few clues that should draw your attention:
1. if it seems like your manager is doing no better than flipping a coin whenever he makes a technical decision, it's not because he's a moron when it comes to technical matters, it's because he is factoring his decision into his scheme of playing the maximum number of his employees to his benefit.
2. if the boss makes totally random statements that technically don't make any sense at all, it's because they weren't intended to make technical sense. He's sending you a message in manager-speak, the only code he understands. (More on this below.)
3. if buds that used to pal around with you start avoiding you, the boss has gotten to them in some way.
And here's one anti-pattern: don't think that being outwardly religious means that one is less evil than the non-religious. It just means the evil is cloaked in religious vestments.
Here's an example of how to decode a totalling random thing your boss may say. "Put the prototype in production now." Those six words have a totally different meaning to a manager than to a person naive enough to take this statement literally. Translation: "What I want you to do is this: rewrite the prototype and turn it into production code, test it, and install it before the end of the day, or, if you prefer, you can work all night and install it first thing tomorrow morning while I'm pounding away on my trophy wife. I know what I said may have sounded kind of funny, because I don't understand the stupid details that you techies masturbate over, but if I had said anything truly insane I'm sure that you idiot techies would have either corrected me, or made the proper translations from manager-speak to geek-speak. I mean, surely you're smart enough to do that, aren't you? You say you can speak all these different languages. Well, why don't you start with English? I own all of your asses, so you will either find a way to do this or else tell me in the most obsequious manner how my grand plan may be amended in a manner such that I will save face and still get what I want in the quickest way. And, oh, by the way, if this causes the database to start hemorrhaging data, it's all your fault because I hereby give you total responsibility and zero authority to actually get the task done. Deal with it, and get out of my face already. I have no clue how to actually do anything that I asked you to do, but that's not my problem, now, is it, you fooken mooches? Now I've got to get back to my office and covertly read the email you've been sending each other. Suck it! Uh, I mean, good luck on getting this done by my totally meaningless deadline!" There, that wasn't so hard to decode, was it? The reason why it becomes easier and easier to decode manager-speak is because a lot of the words and phrases remain the same, especially the phrases "idiots," "suck it," and "don't bother me with details, you ass-wipes! I can't even remember the passwords to half my accounts. How the hell do you think I can help you with your petty problems? Now, for Christsakes, leave me alone!"
Most people are amateurs at being pure evil, however, and have tells. They avoid looking you in the eyes, or give short, evasive or noncommittal answers. They often don't face you while talking to you, and their voice is lower than it is normally. They may look at their computer monitor as if it's revealing the answer to the universe and they are too busy soaking in life's answers to attend to your silly, silly questions that deal with boring things like databases or how we might make their company some coin.
The Pros, on the other hand, have learned the tricks to hiding their culpability: they have learned to control their emotions so that they can appear charming and look you straight in the eyes while lying. Finding the Pro's tells is much harder.
The most common way for a player to judge whether his conspiracies have been found out is to occasionally "ping" you and judge your reactions. The simplest form this takes is a cheery "Good Morning," except this is not a pleasantry, your boss is using it like radar. The naive wont be able to control the bile that starts to well up in the throat when they see somebody who is playing them, and they will immediately give it away on their face, and this is of course instantly readable. The ping succeeded. If you understand how the game is played, however, you will immediately give a reciprocating cheerful "Good morning," not because you give a rat's ass about your boss' well-being, but because showing your hand makes it even easier for your boss to play you. The corollary is to never let on that you know the rules of the game, which is why you almost never see these missives in print, and they will be quickly disavowed or shrugged off as casually as Bush shrugs off the fact he belongs to a secret society (Skull and Bones -- look it up). Who said poker's just a game?
Some indicators of Pro players: they pay a lot of attention to their appearance (one exception: they think they can cover up their rolls and rolls of fleshy fat with really expensive leather coats); they attach a huge amount of importance on being able to tightly control their emotions (or use them to personal gain, to wit, watch Hillary turn on the waterworks when her words are no longer effective); they tightly control information: they only release information that either makes them look good, is benign, or is vitally important to getting the job done; they know how to put the best light on a sucky situation, and, conversely, are quick to throw mud at others, even when they are three levels down the ladder and have absolutely zero authority, they still try to divert the responsibility onto those who are either unable to defend themselves or are unwilling to stoop to this nonsense. Most of the time, however, you wont even know it's happening. Most of it doesn't surface, but some eventually bubbles up from the depths. The most insidious members of our society are cowards, and prefer maneuvering in the shadows.
So amoral and base are these people that they will even try to play you after you give your notice. While you desperately try to break free from the beady-eyed little monsters, they will ask for that last pound of flesh without even blinking. From the most evil there is absolutely no remorse; and from those trying to buy back a piece of their souls, a generous severance. Take it -- you deserve it more than you will ever know.
Those weird things people have said to you in the past that you just write off as unimportant or meaningless, well, they weren't. The motivations behind those weird statements were most likely guileful, trying to get you to expose your cards, or manipulate you.
How to know you're being played? Aside from the clues I list above, you need to totally clear your head and let your subconscious pick it apart at night. I literally woke up one morning and knew what had happened because my dreams had played it out for me. Then once you know what happened, and understand these unspoken rules I've laid out, it's not too difficult to confirm. And to be specific about clearing your head, I mean eating like a cave man, and exercising like a cave man. Don't even ingest caffeine if you are trying to get to that point where your subconscious is able to tell you important things and you are capable of listening.
However, I just may be over-sensitive. And I suck at poker. But I'm learning.
First, thanks for posting the question. I've read a lot of good info in this thread and I'd like to reciprocate.
The most important lesson I've learned in my life is that the people who have any influence over you are most likely playing you. And most "dirty tricks" are not done directly, but through their proxies. If this is news to you, you wont even be able to tell whose pulling the levers.
People may be moral on Sunday, but, come Monday, the boss can pretty much define what's right and wrong and people will fall in line, even if it's to conspire and betray. Most people have the morality of a squirrel: they will steal your nuts, but only when you aren't looking.
Their justifications for screwing you:
1. as long as they don't get caught, they think it's OK;
2. they assume they are being played, too, so it's just the way they think the world works;
3. the ends justify the means;
4. some people (salesmen / head hunters / egotistic managers) play it for the game: playing people like a puppet on a string, what's not to like, especially if it puts jingle in the pocket?
5. better him than me; it's a dog eat dog world;
6. who can afford morals when you have a mortgage payment due? Family first;
7. the naive deserve to be played if they're this easy;
8. bacon cheeseburgers, chocolate, and over-generous salaries go a long way towards assuaging the guilt;
9. some think saying a prayer every Sunday absolves them;
10. periodically spreading graft in the form of gifts, bonuses, perks, plush job positions, etc., is an embodiment of their good intentions and shows what swell guys they really are. In reality, they are trying to buy you.
Here's a few clues that should draw your attention:
1. if it seems like your manager is doing no better than flipping a coin whenever he makes a technical decision, it's not because he's a moron when it comes to technical matters, it's because he is factoring his decision into his scheme of playing the maximum number of his employees to his benefit.
2. if the boss makes totally random statements that technically don't make any sense at all, it's because they weren't intended to make technical sense. He's sending you a message in manager-speak, the only code he understands. (More on this below.)
3. if buds that used to pal around with you start avoiding you, the boss has gotten to them in some way.
And here's one anti-pattern: don't think that being outwardly religious means that one is less evil than the non-religious. It just means the evil is cloaked in religious vestments.
Here's an example of how to decode a totalling random thing your boss may say. "Put the prototype in production now." Those six words have a totally different meaning to a manager than to a person naive enough to take this statement literally. Translation: "What I want you to do is this: rewrite the prototype and turn it into production code, test it, and install it before the end of the day, or, if you prefer, you can work all night and install it first thing tomorrow morning while I'm pounding away on my trophy wife. I know what I said may have sounded kind of funny, because I don't understand the stupid details that you techies masturbate over, but if I had said anything truly insane I'm sure that you idiot techies would have either corrected me, or made the proper translations from manager-speak to geek-speak. I mean, surely you're smart enough to do that, aren't you? You say you can speak all these different languages. Well, why don't you start with English? I own all of your asses, so you will either find a way to do this or else tell me in the most obsequious manner how my grand plan may be amended in a manner such that I will save face and still get what I want in the quickest way. And, oh, by the way, if this causes the database to start hemorrhaging data, it's all your fault because I hereby give you total responsibility and zero authority to actually get the task done. Deal with it, and get out of my face already. I have no clue how to actually do anything that I asked you to do, but that's not my problem, now, is it, you fooken mooches? Now I've got to get back to my office and covertly read the email you've been sending each other. Suck it! Uh, I mean, good luck on getting this done by my totally meaningless deadline!" There, that wasn't so hard to decode, was it? The reason why it becomes easier and easier to decode manager-speak is because a lot of the words and phrases remain the same, especially the phrases "idiots," "suck it," and "don't bother me with details, you ass-wipes! I can't even remember the passwords to half my accounts. How the hell do you think I can help you with your petty problems? Now, for Christsakes, leave me alone!"
Most people are amateurs at being pure evil, however, and have tells. They avoid looking you in the eyes, or give short, evasive or noncommittal answers. They often don't face you while talking to you, and their voice is lower than it is normally. They may look at their computer monitor as if it's revealing the answer to the universe and they are too busy soaking in life's answers to attend to your silly, silly questions that deal with boring things like databases or how we might make their company some coin.
The Pros, on the other hand, have learned the tricks to hiding their culpability: they have learned to control their emotions so that they can appear charming and look you straight in the eyes while lying. Finding the Pro's tells is much harder.
The most common way for a player to judge whether his conspiracies have been found out is to occasionally "ping" you and judge your reactions. The simplest form this takes is a cheery "Good Morning," except this is not a pleasantry, your boss is using it like radar. The naive wont be able to control the bile that starts to well up in the throat when they see somebody who is playing them, and they will immediately give it away on their face, and this is of course instantly readable. The ping succeeded. If you understand how the game is played, however, you will immediately give a reciprocating cheerful "Good morning," not because you give a rat's ass about your boss' well-being, but because showing your hand makes it even easier for your boss to play you. The corollary is to never let on that you know the rules of the game, which is why you almost never see these missives in print, and they will be quickly disavowed or shrugged off as casually as Bush shrugs off the fact he belongs to a secret society (Skull and Bones -- look it up). Who said poker's just a game?
Some indicators of Pro players: they pay a lot of attention to their appearance (one exception: they think they can cover up their rolls and rolls of fleshy fat with really expensive leather coats); they attach a huge amount of importance on being able to tightly control their emotions (or use them to personal gain, to wit, watch Hillary turn on the waterworks when her words are no longer effective); they tightly control information: they only release information that either makes them look good, is benign, or is vitally important to getting the job done; they know how to put the best light on a sucky situation, and, conversely, are quick to throw mud at others, even when they are three levels down the ladder and have absolutely zero authority, they still try to divert the responsibility onto those who are either unable to defend themselves or are unwilling to stoop to this nonsense. Most of the time, however, you wont even know it's happening. Most of it doesn't surface, but some eventually bubbles up from the depths. The most insidious members of our society are cowards, and prefer maneuvering in the shadows.
So amoral and base are these people that they will even try to play you after you give your notice. While you desperately try to break free from the beady-eyed little monsters, they will ask for that last pound of flesh without even blinking. From the most evil there is absolutely no remorse; and from those trying to buy back a piece of their souls, a generous severance. Take it -- you deserve it more than you will ever know.
Those weird things people have said to you in the past that you just write off as unimportant or meaningless, well, they weren't. The motivations behind those weird statements were most likely guileful, trying to get you to expose your cards, or manipulate you.
How to know you're being played? Aside from the clues I list above, you need to totally clear your head and let your subconscious pick it apart at night. I literally woke up one morning and knew what had happened because my dreams had played it out for me. Then once you know what happened, and understand these unspoken rules I've laid out, it's not too difficult to confirm. And to be specific about clearing your head, I mean eating like a cave man, and exercising like a cave man. Don't even ingest caffeine if you are trying to get to that point where your subconscious is able to tell you important things and you are capable of listening.
However, I just may be over-sensitive. And I suck at poker. But I'm learning.
XKCD
Stuart Kaufmann's "order for free" in complex systems.
His books are insightful and also a pleasure to read.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Kauffman
His books are insightful and also a pleasure to read.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Kauffman
Epistemology from The Fabric of Reality (to start)
Meta-programming, in ruby (the power of code that creates code, being released from the tyranny of typing)
Social psychology (Social proof, hacks for relating to people, hacks for appealing to the opposite sex, hacks for reading people)
Economics (Why the minimum wage is damaging, why free trade is good)