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    * Naval and trade dominance (a legacy of Venetian methods, transferred through the Netherlands).
    * Financial systems (London as the hub of insurance, lending, and later offshore banking).
    * Intelligence networks and manipulation (from the East India Company to MI6).
    * Colonial exploitation (enclosures, the Opium Wars, the Bengal famine of 1943, suppression of the Sepoy Rebellion, the exploitation of Ireland, etc.).

    * Enclosures (16th–18th centuries) – Peasants driven off the land for landlord profits.
    * The Irish Famine (1845–1849) – Grain was exported to England while millions starved.
    * "Divide and rule" policies – From India to Northern Ireland, preventing unity among the oppressed.
    * Austerity – Post-2008 budget cuts